Background: Today, due to the changes in the form of the resistance of pathogenic bacteria, discovering new antimicrobial drugs is under study. So, the aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the extract of the myrtle herb on some of pathogenic bacteria. Materials and Methods: Hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of myrtle herb was evaluated at 4 concentrations including 10-80 mg/ml on four strains of pathogenic bacteria using penetrative dissemination method together with the measuring diameter of the growth inhibition zone, then the results were compared to four conventional antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were studied using macro dilution method.Results: Treatment by the concentration of 80 mg/ml extract of this herb showed the greatest effect on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholera serotype Ogawa which had a significant difference with all other treatments and standard antibiotics (p<0.05). The extract showed no effect on the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa and just concentration of 80 mg/ml showed a little effect on E. coli and other antibiotics had no significant effect except tetracycline which has little effect on this strain. Minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.2 mg/ml for bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and the maximum for E.coli by 8 mg/ml.Conclusion: This study showed that under study bacteria were more resistant to the antibiotics and the extract of Myrtus communis leaves showed greatest antibacterial effect against S. aureus and V. cholerae cerotype Ogawa.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Myrtus communis extract in 10, 7.5, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.312, 0.156 mg/ml concentration on Hela and MCF7 cell lines after 72 h using the MTT assay. Hela and MCF7 cells were cultured in RPMI1640 medium containing fetal bovine serum, penicillin and streptomycin and incubated at 37oC atmosphere containing 5% CO2 and 95% humidity in sterile flasks. Results show that ethanolic extract of M. communis in 1.25 mg/ml (p≤0.05), and 0.312, 0.156 (p≤0.02) concentration, was significantly reduced Hela cell growth compared to control, after 72 h. The highest percentage of growth inhibition at 0.625 mg/ml concentration was % 82.33. For MCF7 cells, ethanolic extract of M.communis in 2.5, 1.25, 0.312 mg/ml (p≤0.02) and 0.625 (p≤0.001) concentration was significantly reduced MCF7 cell growth compared to control, after 72 h. The highest percentage of growth inhibition at 1.25 mg/ml concentration was 70.64 %. The results suggest that ethanolic extract of M. communis has inhibitory effects on cell growth both on Hela and MCF7 cell line.

Introduction: Considering the high prevalence of Tricomonas vaginalis (TV) in women and the known side effects of Metronidazol, the focus has been concentrated on herbal therapy in order to reduce drug side- effects in the recent decades. Objective: To determine of M.communis effect on Trichmonas Vaginalis infection.Materials and Methods: This study has been carried out as double blind in test and control groups. Methanolic extraction was performed by percolation and essential oil prepared by hydrodistillation. The parasite was isolated from vagina and determined directly. Samples were collected from vaginal discharges. Identification were done through direct smear preparation. Parasite was added to the 5 test tubes containing Drosse medium, metronidazole, Dimethyl sulfoxaide (DMSO) myrtus extraction with concentration of (0.1, 0.01 ml and essential oil with concentrations of (0.1, 0.01, 0.001, 0.004, 0.0002 and 0.0001) in order to determine the effect of these concentrations within 72 hours.Results: Findings suggested that Trichomonas could be alive in Drosse medium for 72 hours, in presence of Metronidazole for one hour and in Drosse medium for 6 hours. Also, the results revealed that methanolic extract at concentrations of 0.1 and 0,01 and essential oil at concentrations of 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0004 were effective at the beginning of the inoculation and at concentrations of 0.0002 and 0.0001 after 2 and 9 hours respectively.Conclusion: Considering the significant effect of essential oil and methanolic extract of M.communis on Trichomonas in-vitro condition, it is recommended that the therapeutic effects of the substance from this plant be studied in- vitro condition and if having positive effect, to be used as a drug.

Objectives Although dental caries is the most common chronic oral disease globally, there is no comprehensive plan for preventing this microbial disease. Streptococcus mutans is one of the essential causes of dental caries. Owing to the adverse effects associated with antibiotics, researchers are focusing their efforts on the development of antimicrobial compounds derived from medicinal plants. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of the ethanol extract derived from the leaves of Myrtus communis on S. mutans. Methods In this in vitro study, the researchers initially procured the Myrtus communis extract. Subsequently, they determined its dry weight and evaluated its antimicrobial activity utilizing the well-dilution method. The antimicrobial efficacy was determined by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the inhibition zone diameter surrounding the extract. Ultimately, the data were examined using the Mann-Whitney test. Differences less than (P<0. 05) was significant statistically. Results The MIC and MBC of the extract for S. mutans were found to be 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively. Chlorhexidine, used as a positive control, exhibited the same values. Furthermore, the diameter of the inhibition zone around both the extract and chlorhexidine was measured to be 17±1 mm and 15±1 mm, respectively. The difference between these measurements was not statistically significant (P=0. 077). Conclusion The ethanol extract from the myrtle leaves was as efficient as chlorhexidine mouthwash against S. mutans. Further investigations are needed into the antibacterial effects of different medicinal plants on cariogenic microorganisms.

Considering the high prevalence of Tricomonas vaginalis (TV) in women and the known side effects of metronidazol and giving importance to herbal drug therapy in order to reduce drug side effects in the recent decades; This study with the effect of myrtus in TV infection was done invitro condition. This study has been carried out as double blind in test and control groups. Methanolic extraction was performed by percolation and essential oil prepared by hydrodistilation. The parasite was isolated from vagina and determined directly. Samples were collected from vaginal discharge identification was done through direct smear preparation parasite was added to the 5 test tubes containing drosse medium, metronidazole. Dimethyl sulfoxaide (DMSO) myrtus extraction with concentration of (0.1, 0.01 ml and essential oil with concentrations of (0.1, 0.01, 0.001-0.004, 0.0002, 0.0001) in order to determine the effect of these concentration within 72 hour Finding of this study showed that, Trichomonas could be alived in Drosse medium for 72 hours. In presence of metronidazole for one hour and in Drosse medium for 6 hours. Also the results revealed that, methanolic extract at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01 and essential oil at concentrations of 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0004 are effective at the beginning of the inoculation and at concentrations of 0.0002 and 0.0001 after 2 and 9 hours respectively. Considering the significant effect of essential oil and methanolic extract of Myrtus on trichomonas in in-vitro condition it is recommended that, the therapeutic effects the substance from this plant be studied in invivo condition and in case of having positive effect to be used as a drug.

Fungal infections are considered a major problem in the developing countries and common drugs for treatment are also toxic and expensive or have side effects. The purpose of this study is introduction of a new antifungal plant drug for treatment of fungi diseases, which have not yet an ideal treatment, such as dermatophytosis. For invitro study, First, Myrtus Communis leaves were gathered, then dried and powdered. Extracting was done by percolation with solvents, Ethanol, Chloroform, N-Hexane and Petroleum Benzine. Then, various dilutions 30-600 mg/ml and 0.5-4 mg/ml extract were used on those fungi by Broth Dilution method and fungi growth was studied and MIC and MFC of those fungi were determined. The drug clotrimazole was used as a control for lack of growth in order to comparing it as a chemical drug with the mentioned extract. The dilution of 30-600mg/ml whole extract did not allow fungi trichophyton menagrophytes and Microsporum canis and Epidermophyton Fluccosume to grow, but it was not effective on fungi candida Albicans and Aspergillus Niger. Other fractions Chloroform, N-Hexane and etherdipetrolic also had not effect on any of the fungi. But at lower dilution for whole extract of Myrtus Communis, MIC for fungus Tricophyton Mentagrophytes was 1.5 mg/ml and for Microsporum Canis was 1mg/ml and for Epidermophyton Floccosume was 1mg/ml. With respect to effectiveness of hydroalcoholic whole extract of Myrtus Communis on fungi Tricophyton Mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton Floccosume and Microsporum Canis, it is recommended to use this extract for treatment and eradication of these fungi.